Optimal Placement of Wireless Sensor Node for Real Time Fault Monitoring of Secondary Distribution Power Network

Authors: *Aimayo, V.J., Ogbeide, K. And Aika, T.A.

DOI Info: http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10442132

ABSTRACT

This work investigated the optimal placement of wireless sensor nodes for real time fault monitoring of distribution network using Okpanam power network as case study. Implementation was carried out in stages; Mesh topology technique was adopted for the design. The number of wireless sensor network nodes required for deployment between the substations and the control room was determined by simple mathematical tool. Coverage model was developed for node placement. Receive signal strength indicator (RSSI) technique was used to determine the communication range of the ZiGBee module. Result from these experiments was used to determine total number of ZiGBee modules that was needed to cover the dimension of the area under consideration. Genetic algorithm in MATLAB simulator R2015A environment was used to carryout optimization of the network. Result obtained was implemented in network simulator 3 (NS3) environment to show coverage of the ZiGBee networks. Throughput metric was used to check the performance of the network. Findings from the research revealed the following: communication range of ZiGBee node within the area under consideration was 23 m, 784 nodes were required to monitor the dimension of the area under consideration. After optimization, the number reduced to 295. Result from NS3 revealed good throughput with minimal end-to-end delay.

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