Optimizing the Performance of Blended Refractory Bricks from Amagu and Amokwe Clays Through Composition and Thermal Treatment

Authors: Nweke-Ogah, J.A., *Chima, O.M., Ikele, S.U., Ndukwe, A. I., Ozurumba, E., Achalla, O.J. And Amajoh, N.N.

DOI Info: http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.18061961

ABSTRACT

The performance of blended clay bricks was studied under varied firing temperatures and composition using samples from Amagu and Amokwe clay deposits. The chemical composition of the clays was evaluated using X-ray fluorescence technique. The clay materials were blended at ratios of 90:10, 80:20, 70:30, 60:40, 50:50 to produce refractory bricks fired at different temperatures of 900 ^oC, 1100 ^oC, and 1200 ^oC and thereafter tested for linear shrinkage, apparent porosity, bulk density, water absorption, and modulus of rupture using standard methods. The results obtained show that Amagu and Amaokwe clays have the respective compositions of 23% and 21.9% for alumina and 36.1% and 35.1% for silica which classifies them as alumino-silicate refractories suitable for intermediate duty applications. The linear shrinkage increased with firing temperature for the blend of 50:50, indicating optimum material stability in all the fired temperatures. The apparent porosity decreased while bulk density and modulus of rupture increased with increase in firing temperature. Ratio 90:10 gave the optimum value of 42.1 MPa for modulus of rupture. The optimum performance of the blended clay material was observed at a 1200 ^oC temperature value. This suggests that firing temperature is a key factor to regulate properties of clay bricks. It was concluded that through strategic blending and controlled thermal treatment, optimum performance of locally blended clays could be achieved.

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