Production and Characterisation of Biodiesel from Palm Kernel Oil

Authors: Nwosu, P.C. And Ikegbula, S.O.

DOI Info: http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8094298

ABSTRACT

Growing energy challenges to meet future demands and sustain environmental health has necessitated the search for more renewable energy options to sustain human activities. This study investigated the production of biodiesel by transesterification of palm kernel oil (PKO) from the typical wild type ‘akwu ojukwu’ palm tree (Elaeis guineensis) of the Dura variety. Pure (100% v/v) biodiesel and its blends (10, 20, 30 and 50% v/v biodiesel) with petroleum diesel were characterised for the following properties: relative density, kinematic viscosity, flash point and pour point using standard laboratory techniques. The properties of the pure biodiesel and its blends were compared with diesel from the Nigerian National Petroleum Corporation (NNPC) and some international standards for biodiesel characteristics. The study revealed that for every 1 L of this variety of PKO and its additives, at least 0.87 L (87%) of biodiesel was produced; and most blends with 20% biodiesel and lower have desired properties for relative density, kinematic viscosity, flash point and pour point, hence possible use in diesel engines. The study has widened the frontiers of biodiesel fuel access and recommended the exploitation of the abundance of this crop-based fuel in Nigeria in ways that strengthen energy security, meet competitive needs for PKO, promote environmental sustainability and enhance the livelihood of PKO producers.

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