Design and Construction of an Obstacle Avoidance System with Inherent Features
Authors: Dauda, A. And Omoze, L.E.
DOI Info: http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.21048221
ABSTRACT
This study focuses on the design of an unmanned autonomous vehicle for environmental monitoring and surveillance. It is made with ultrasonic, atmospheric and Global Positioning System (GPS) sensors to collect real-time data on atmospheric conditions and geographic coordinates. The unmanned autonomous vehicle is powered by 12 V secondary batteries in two parallel sets of three series cells. An M8N GPS module accurately determined the location of the unmanned autonomous vehicle. A high-resolution ESP32-CAM camera handles surveillance which is controlled by an ESP32 microcontroller. A Bluetooth module allows remote control and real-time data transmission. An H-bridge motor driver with pulse width modulation signals ensured precise motor control and various maneuver. Ultrasonic sensors detected obstacles within a defined range but fails with objects below their detection height. The GPS module showed limitations in procuring location data under some specific conditions. However, the system accurately monitored temperature, pressure, and humidity. The live feed although affected by the two-megapixel camera limitations, was successfully streamed to smartphones and laptops through a hotspot connection.
Affiliations: Department of Electrical/Electronic Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Benin, PMB 1154, Benin City, Edo State, Nigeria.
Keywords: Unmanned Autonomous Vehicle, Environmental Monitoring, Surveillance, Real-time Data Transmission, Obstacle Detection
Published date: 2026/06/30
